What Is a 700c Bike? Your Ultimate Guide to Bike Tire Sizing

What is a 700c bike? A 700c bike refers to a bicycle that uses 700c wheels, a common size based on the French tire sizing system, primarily found on road, hybrid, and some touring bikes. At usabikers.net, we’re here to clear up any confusion around this term, differentiating it from engine sizes like “700cc” and helping you understand how it relates to your cycling needs. We’ll cover everything from tire dimensions to compatibility, ensuring you have the knowledge to make informed choices. Explore essential cycling information, tire terminology, and practical advice to enhance your riding experience.

1. What Exactly Does “700c” Mean in Bike Terms?

700c refers to a specific wheel and tire size in the French tire sizing system, widely used for road, hybrid, and touring bikes. The “700” indicates an approximate outer diameter of the tire in millimeters, while “c” denotes the tire’s width, although the actual inner diameter of the rim is 622mm. Let’s dig deeper into what each part of this designation means and how it affects your bike choice.

Historical Context: The French system originally used letters (A, B, C, and D) to denote different tire widths, with “A” being the narrowest and “D” the widest. Most of these sizes have become obsolete except for “C,” which has persisted due to its widespread use.
Actual Dimensions: Despite the “700” suggesting a 700mm diameter, the critical measurement is the rim’s bead seat diameter (BSD), which is 622mm for 700c wheels. This measurement ensures tire compatibility.
Common Usage: 700c wheels are standard on road bikes for their speed and efficiency, hybrid bikes for their versatility, and touring bikes for their balance of comfort and performance. According to data from Bicycle Retailer and Industry News, 700c wheels account for over 60% of the wheels used in new bike sales across these categories.

2. Is There a Difference Between “700c” and “700cc”?

Yes, “700c” and “700cc” are entirely different terms, one referring to bicycle wheel size and the other to motorcycle engine displacement. Mixing these terms up is a common mistake. Let’s clarify what each refers to and why it’s essential to keep them distinct.

700c: This term specifies the size of a bicycle wheel and tire according to the French tire sizing system. It is commonly used for road bikes, hybrid bikes, and touring bikes. The “700” refers to the approximate outer diameter of the tire in millimeters, and the “c” indicates a specific width.
700cc: This refers to the engine displacement of a motorcycle, measured in cubic centimeters (cc). It indicates the total volume of the engine’s cylinders. For example, a 700cc motorcycle has an engine with a total cylinder volume of 700 cubic centimeters. This measurement signifies the engine’s power and performance capabilities.

Alt text: A close-up of a 700c tire on a sleek road bike, highlighting its narrow profile and smooth tread, perfect for speed and efficiency.

3. How Wide Can 700c Tires Generally Be?

Generally, you can use tires ranging from 23mm to 35mm wide on 700c rims, but the ideal width depends on your bike’s frame clearance and the intended riding conditions. Wider tires provide more comfort and better grip, while narrower tires offer lower rolling resistance. Let’s explore the factors that influence your choice.

Frame Clearance: The most critical factor is the amount of space available within your bike’s frame and fork. Modern road bikes often accommodate tires up to 28mm, while hybrid and touring bikes can typically handle up to 35mm or even wider. Always check your bike manufacturer’s specifications.
Rim Width: The internal width of your rim also plays a role. Wider rims support wider tires better, providing a more stable ride and preventing the tire from deforming.
Riding Style: If you prioritize speed and efficiency on smooth roads, a narrower tire (23-25mm) might be ideal. For rougher roads or mixed terrains, a wider tire (28-35mm) will offer more comfort and control.

4. Are 700c Tires the Same as 29-Inch Tires?

While 700c and 29-inch tires share the same bead seat diameter (BSD) of 622mm, they are not the same due to differences in tire width. 29-inch tires are generally wider and used on mountain bikes, while 700c tires are narrower and designed for road, hybrid, and touring bikes. Understanding these differences is crucial for proper tire selection.

Bead Seat Diameter (BSD): Both 700c and 29-inch tires have a BSD of 622mm, meaning they can technically fit on the same rims. However, the compatibility stops there.
Tire Width: 29-inch tires are typically much wider, ranging from 1.5 inches (38mm) to over 2.5 inches (64mm), designed to provide greater traction and cushioning on off-road trails. 700c tires, on the other hand, are narrower, usually between 23mm and 35mm, optimized for speed and efficiency on paved surfaces.
Application: 29-inch wheels are primarily used on mountain bikes, where the wider tires and larger volume enhance stability and control on rough terrain. 700c wheels are standard on road bikes, hybrid bikes, and touring bikes, where speed and efficiency are more critical.

5. What Kind of Bikes Typically Use 700c Wheels?

700c wheels are most commonly found on road bikes, hybrid bikes, and touring bikes, each designed for different riding purposes but sharing the same wheel size for optimal performance. Let’s examine why 700c wheels are preferred for these types of bikes.

Road Bikes: These bikes are built for speed and efficiency on paved roads. 700c wheels with narrow tires (23-28mm) minimize rolling resistance, allowing riders to achieve higher speeds.
Hybrid Bikes: These versatile bikes are designed for a mix of paved and unpaved surfaces. 700c wheels with slightly wider tires (28-35mm) provide a balance of speed and comfort, making them suitable for commuting, leisure riding, and light trail use.
Touring Bikes: These bikes are built for long-distance riding and carrying heavy loads. 700c wheels with durable tires (32-35mm) offer a stable and comfortable ride, capable of handling various road conditions and supporting the weight of luggage.

6. Why Is the “c” Important in 700c?

The “c” in 700c originally denoted a specific tire width in the French tire sizing system, though its significance has evolved over time. While the letter itself doesn’t directly indicate a precise width today, it distinguishes the 622mm bead seat diameter from other 700-sized standards.

Historical Context: In the early days of cycling, the French system used letters (A, B, C, and D) to indicate different tire widths for wheels with the same outer diameter. The “A” size was the narrowest, and “D” was the widest.
Bead Seat Diameter (BSD): The key reason the “c” remains important is that it signifies a 622mm BSD. Other “700” sizes exist with different BSDs, making the “c” crucial for ensuring tire and rim compatibility.
Modern Usage: Today, the “c” primarily serves to differentiate 700c wheels from other wheel sizes. While the original width designation is no longer strictly adhered to, the “c” remains a vital part of the sizing convention.

7. What Are the Benefits of Riding a Bike With 700c Wheels?

Riding a bike with 700c wheels offers several advantages, including enhanced speed, efficiency, and a wide range of tire choices, making them suitable for various riding styles and terrains. These benefits make 700c wheels a popular choice for many cyclists.

Speed and Efficiency: 700c wheels are known for their ability to maintain speed and roll efficiently, especially on paved surfaces. This makes them ideal for road cycling and long-distance riding.
Tire Options: The 700c size offers a vast selection of tires, ranging from narrow, high-pressure road tires to wider, more comfortable hybrid tires. This allows riders to customize their bike for specific riding conditions.
Versatility: Bikes with 700c wheels are versatile enough to handle a variety of terrains, from smooth roads to light trails. This makes them a great choice for riders who want a bike that can do it all.

8. How Do I Choose the Right 700c Tire Width for My Bike?

Choosing the correct 700c tire width involves considering your bike’s frame clearance, rim width, and riding style to optimize comfort, performance, and handling. Matching these factors ensures a safe and enjoyable riding experience.

Frame Clearance: First, check the maximum tire width that your bike’s frame and fork can accommodate. This information is often available in the bike’s manual or on the manufacturer’s website.
Rim Width: Ensure that the tire width is compatible with your rim’s internal width. Wider rims generally support wider tires better, while narrower rims are best suited for narrower tires.
Riding Style: Consider the type of riding you’ll be doing. For road racing or fast group rides, a narrower tire (23-25mm) may be ideal. For commuting or riding on rougher roads, a wider tire (28-35mm) will provide more comfort and stability.

Alt text: A hybrid bike equipped with 700c wheels, showcasing its suitability for both paved roads and light trails, offering a versatile riding experience.

9. Can I Convert My Bike to Use 700c Wheels?

Converting a bike to use 700c wheels is possible, but it depends on several factors, including frame clearance, brake compatibility, and the original wheel size. It’s essential to assess these aspects carefully to ensure a successful conversion.

Frame Clearance: The most critical factor is whether your bike frame has enough clearance to accommodate 700c wheels and tires. Measure the space between the frame and the existing wheels, and compare it to the dimensions of 700c wheels with your desired tire width.
Brake Compatibility: Check whether your brakes are compatible with 700c wheels. If your bike has rim brakes, ensure that the brake pads can reach the rim surface on the 700c wheels. If your bike has disc brakes, the rotor size and caliper position must be compatible.
Original Wheel Size: Consider the original wheel size of your bike. If your bike originally had smaller wheels (e.g., 26-inch or 650c), the geometry may not be ideal for 700c wheels.

10. What Are Some Popular 700c Tire Brands and Models?

Several reputable brands offer high-quality 700c tires, each with unique features and benefits. Some popular brands and models include Continental Grand Prix 5000, Schwalbe Marathon, and Pirelli P Zero Race.

Continental Grand Prix 5000: Known for its exceptional grip, low rolling resistance, and durability, the Continental Grand Prix 5000 is a top choice for road cyclists. It features BlackChili compound for enhanced performance and Vectran Breaker for puncture protection. According to tests by Cycling Weekly, the Grand Prix 5000 offers a 20% reduction in rolling resistance compared to its predecessor.
Schwalbe Marathon: The Schwalbe Marathon is a durable and reliable tire ideal for touring and commuting. It features a GreenGuard puncture protection layer and a robust sidewall, making it resistant to cuts and abrasions. Schwalbe reports that the Marathon is capable of lasting over 10,000 miles under normal riding conditions.
Pirelli P Zero Race: The Pirelli P Zero Race is a high-performance tire designed for speed and agility. It features a SmartEVO compound for excellent grip and low rolling resistance, making it a favorite among competitive cyclists.

11. How Does 700c Relate to Bike Gearing and Speed?

700c wheels, combined with appropriate gearing, significantly impact a bike’s speed and efficiency, influencing how easily you can accelerate, maintain speed, and climb hills. The relationship between wheel size and gearing is crucial for optimizing your riding performance.

Gear Ratios: The size of the wheels affects the overall gear ratio of the bike. Larger wheels, like 700c, cover more ground with each revolution compared to smaller wheels. This means that for a given gear, a bike with 700c wheels will travel a greater distance per pedal stroke.
Speed and Efficiency: 700c wheels are known for their ability to maintain speed and roll efficiently, especially on smooth surfaces. This is because the larger diameter reduces rolling resistance and allows the bike to cover more ground with less effort.
Climbing: While 700c wheels can be efficient on flat terrain, they may require lower gearing for climbing steep hills. The larger diameter means that more effort is needed to turn the wheels uphill, so riders often need to shift to easier gears to maintain a comfortable cadence.

12. What Role Does Air Pressure Play in 700c Tire Performance?

Proper air pressure is vital for 700c tire performance, affecting rolling resistance, comfort, grip, and puncture resistance. Maintaining the correct pressure ensures an optimal riding experience.

Rolling Resistance: Overinflating tires can reduce rolling resistance on smooth surfaces, but it can also make the ride harsh and uncomfortable. Underinflating tires increases rolling resistance, making it harder to maintain speed.
Comfort: Correct tire pressure enhances ride comfort by allowing the tires to absorb bumps and vibrations from the road. Higher pressures transmit more of these impacts to the rider, while lower pressures provide a smoother ride.
Grip: Proper tire pressure ensures optimal grip, especially in wet or slippery conditions. Underinflated tires provide a larger contact patch with the road, increasing traction.
Puncture Resistance: Maintaining the correct tire pressure reduces the risk of punctures. Underinflated tires are more susceptible to pinch flats, while overinflated tires can be more vulnerable to cuts from sharp objects.

13. What Are Common Issues with 700c Wheels and How to Resolve Them?

Common issues with 700c wheels include punctures, rim damage, and spoke problems, but understanding how to resolve them can keep you riding smoothly. Regular maintenance and quick fixes can prevent these issues from becoming major problems.

Punctures: Punctures are a frequent problem for cyclists. To minimize punctures, use tires with puncture-resistant layers, maintain proper tire pressure, and regularly inspect your tires for embedded objects. Carry a spare tube, tire levers, and a pump or CO2 inflator for quick repairs on the road.
Rim Damage: Rim damage can occur from impacts with potholes or curbs. Regularly inspect your rims for cracks, dents, or bulges. If you notice any damage, have the rim professionally inspected and repaired or replaced.
Spoke Problems: Loose or broken spokes can affect wheel trueness and stability. Check your spokes regularly for tension and signs of damage. Use a spoke wrench to tighten loose spokes, and replace broken spokes as needed.

14. How Do 700c Wheels Affect Bike Handling and Stability?

700c wheels influence bike handling and stability, offering a balance of responsiveness and control that suits various riding styles and conditions. Understanding these effects helps riders optimize their bike setup for the best performance.

Responsiveness: 700c wheels provide a good balance of responsiveness, allowing riders to quickly accelerate and maneuver through traffic. The larger diameter helps maintain momentum, making it easier to hold a consistent speed.
Stability: The larger diameter of 700c wheels also contributes to bike stability, especially at higher speeds. This makes them well-suited for road cycling and long-distance riding.
Cornering: 700c wheels offer predictable cornering characteristics, allowing riders to confidently lean into turns. The tire width and pressure also play a role, with wider tires providing more grip and stability.

15. Can I Use Tubeless Tires on 700c Wheels?

Yes, you can use tubeless tires on 700c wheels if your rims are tubeless-compatible. Tubeless tires offer several benefits, including reduced rolling resistance, improved puncture resistance, and enhanced comfort.

Tubeless-Compatible Rims: To use tubeless tires, your rims must be specifically designed for tubeless use. These rims have a special bead hook and rim bed that create an airtight seal with the tire.
Benefits of Tubeless Tires: Tubeless tires offer several advantages, including lower rolling resistance (as much as 10-15% reduction), improved puncture resistance (sealant can automatically seal small punctures), and enhanced comfort (lower tire pressures can be used without the risk of pinch flats).
Installation: Installing tubeless tires requires a few extra steps compared to traditional clincher tires. You’ll need to use tubeless sealant, and it may be helpful to use a tubeless tire inflator or compressor to seat the tire beads properly.

16. What Are Some Upgrades for 700c Wheels to Improve Performance?

Upgrading your 700c wheels can significantly enhance your bike’s performance, offering improvements in weight, aerodynamics, and overall ride quality. Consider these upgrades to get the most out of your bike.

Lightweight Rims: Upgrading to lightweight rims can reduce rotational weight, making it easier to accelerate and climb hills. Look for rims made from carbon fiber or high-quality aluminum alloys.
Aerodynamic Wheels: Aerodynamic wheels can reduce drag and improve speed, especially at higher speeds. These wheels feature deeper rim profiles and optimized shapes to minimize air resistance.
High-Quality Hubs: Upgrading to high-quality hubs can improve rolling efficiency and durability. Look for hubs with smooth bearings and reliable sealing mechanisms.

Alt text: A touring bike featuring 700c wheels, highlighting its robust build and suitability for long-distance adventures, capable of handling various terrains and loads.

17. How Often Should I Replace My 700c Tires?

You should replace your 700c tires when they show signs of wear, such as cuts, bulges, or excessive tread wear, or every 2,000-3,000 miles, depending on riding conditions and tire quality. Regular inspections and timely replacements ensure safety and optimal performance.

Signs of Wear: Regularly inspect your tires for cuts, bulges, and excessive tread wear. If you notice any of these signs, it’s time to replace your tires.
Mileage: As a general rule, replace your tires every 2,000-3,000 miles, depending on your riding conditions and the quality of your tires. Tires used on rough roads or in harsh conditions may need to be replaced more frequently.
Age: Even if your tires don’t show significant wear, replace them every few years, as the rubber can degrade over time, leading to reduced grip and increased risk of punctures.

18. How to Maintain 700c Wheels for Longevity?

Maintaining your 700c wheels properly can extend their lifespan and ensure optimal performance. Regular cleaning, spoke tension checks, and bearing maintenance are essential for wheel longevity.

Cleaning: Regularly clean your wheels with soap and water to remove dirt, grime, and debris. Avoid using harsh chemicals or solvents that can damage the rims or spokes.
Spoke Tension: Check your spoke tension regularly to ensure that the wheels are true and stable. Use a spoke wrench to tighten loose spokes, and replace broken spokes as needed.
Bearing Maintenance: Maintain your wheel bearings by cleaning and lubricating them periodically. Remove the bearings, clean them with a solvent, and apply fresh grease before reassembling.

19. Are There Different Types of 700c Rims Available?

Yes, there are different types of 700c rims available, including aluminum, carbon fiber, and various rim depths, each offering unique characteristics and benefits for different riding styles. Selecting the right rim can significantly impact your bike’s performance.

Aluminum Rims: Aluminum rims are a popular choice for their durability, affordability, and reliability. They are a good option for everyday riding, commuting, and touring.
Carbon Fiber Rims: Carbon fiber rims are lightweight, stiff, and aerodynamic, making them ideal for racing and performance-oriented riding. They offer improved acceleration, climbing ability, and speed.
Rim Depth: Rim depth refers to the height of the rim profile. Deeper rims are more aerodynamic but can be heavier and more susceptible to crosswinds. Shallower rims are lighter and more stable but less aerodynamic.

20. Where Can I Find the Best Deals on 700c Tires and Wheels?

You can find the best deals on 700c tires and wheels at local bike shops, online retailers, and cycling marketplaces, often offering competitive prices and a wide selection of products. Explore these options to find the perfect tires and wheels for your bike.

Local Bike Shops: Local bike shops offer personalized service, expert advice, and the opportunity to try out different tires and wheels before you buy. They often have sales and promotions, so be sure to check regularly.
Online Retailers: Online retailers like Amazon, Competitive Cyclist, and BikeTiresDirect offer a vast selection of 700c tires and wheels at competitive prices. They often have customer reviews and detailed product descriptions to help you make an informed decision.
Cycling Marketplaces: Cycling marketplaces like eBay and Craigslist can be great places to find used or discounted 700c tires and wheels. Be sure to carefully inspect the products before you buy to ensure they are in good condition.

FAQ: Your Questions About 700c Bikes Answered

1. What is the primary advantage of using 700c wheels on a road bike?

The primary advantage of using 700c wheels on a road bike is their optimal balance of speed and efficiency, allowing for faster acceleration and sustained high speeds on paved surfaces.

2. Can I use a wider 700c tire than what my bike originally came with?

You can often use a wider 700c tire than your bike originally came with, provided it fits within the frame and fork clearance and is compatible with your rim width.

3. How do I know if my rim is tubeless-ready for 700c tires?

You can determine if your rim is tubeless-ready for 700c tires by looking for a “tubeless-ready” or “tubeless-compatible” label on the rim and checking for a specific bead hook design.

4. What is the ideal tire pressure for 700c tires on a road bike?

The ideal tire pressure for 700c tires on a road bike typically ranges from 80 to 130 PSI, depending on the tire width, rider weight, and road conditions.

5. How does the weight of 700c wheels affect my bike’s performance?

The weight of 700c wheels significantly affects your bike’s performance, with lighter wheels improving acceleration, climbing ability, and overall responsiveness.

6. Are 700c wheels suitable for off-road riding?

700c wheels are generally not suitable for aggressive off-road riding, but they can handle light trails and gravel paths with the appropriate tire selection and pressure.

7. What is the difference between a clincher and a tubeless 700c tire?

The difference between a clincher and a tubeless 700c tire is that clinchers require an inner tube, while tubeless tires can be run without a tube, offering improved puncture resistance and lower rolling resistance.

8. How do I measure the width of my 700c tire?

You can measure the width of your 700c tire by using calipers to measure the distance between the sidewalls at the widest point, with the tire inflated to the recommended pressure.

9. What tools do I need to change a 700c tire on my bike?

To change a 700c tire on your bike, you’ll need tire levers, a spare tube or tubeless repair kit, a pump or CO2 inflator, and optionally, a multi-tool.

10. How do I choose between aluminum and carbon fiber 700c rims?

You can choose between aluminum and carbon fiber 700c rims by considering your budget, riding style, and performance goals, with aluminum rims being more affordable and durable, while carbon fiber rims are lighter and more aerodynamic.

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